RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar el perfil y la percepción de los consumidores de productos dietéticos en las poblaciones de Lima, Arequipa y Trujillo en Perú. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal analítico realizado en sujetos mayores de 18 años que eran residentes en las ciudades de Lima, Arequipa y Trujillo en Perú. El estudio se realizó en dos etapas. En la primera etapa, se realizaron entrevistas personales, para lo cual se empleó cuestionarios estructurados y estandarizados. En la segunda etapa, se diseñó un cuestionario estructurado con preguntas abiertas y cerradas relacionadas con los hábitos de uso y compra de productos dietéticos. Resultados: Se entrevistaron a 890 personas, de las cuales el 42 % señalaron que consumían productos dietéticos, de los cuales las vitaminas y los minerales eran los productos de mayor consumo. Se observó que los consumidores mantenían una frecuencia diaria y una antigüedad de consumo entre 3 y 12 meses. Además, se identificó que la recomendación de los familiares y amigos sobre el consumo de productos dietéticos tenía un nivel de confianza similar a las recomendaciones de médicos y nutricionistas. Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio en una muestra representativa obtenida en Lima, Arequipa y Trujillo nos indican que un alto porcentaje de la población se encuentra satisfecha consumiendo productos dietéticos con regularidad. Es importante señalar que no existen diferencias significativas entre el porcentaje de la población encuestada que consume productos dietéticos por recomendación de un nutricionista y la que los consume por sugerencia de familiares y amigos. Esto indica que es necesario mejorar los hábitos nutricionales con estrategias de educación sobre hábitos alimenticios y la adaptación del uso de productos dietéticos a una dieta balanceada. Estos resultados podrían permitir que la población haga un uso más eficaz de los productos dietéticos como herramienta para reducir deficiencias nutricionales.

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the profile and perception of dietary supplement users in the population of Lima, Arequipa and Trujillo, Peru. Materials and methods: An analytical cross-sectional study conducted with subjects over 18 years of age residing in the cities of Lima, Arequipa and Trujillo, Peru. The study was performed in two steps. In the first step, personal interviews were held using structured and standardized surveys. In the second step, a structured survey was designed with open and closed questions related to the purchasing and consumption habits of dietary supplements. Results: Eight hundred ninety (890) people were interviewed, out of which 42 % reported to be dietary supplement users, being vitamins and minerals the most commonly used products. It was observed that these users had been taking daily doses of dietary supplements for 3 to 12 months. Additionally, it was found that family and friends served as a source of information on dietary supplements similar to the one provided by doctors and nutritionists. Conclusions: The results of this study conducted with a representative sample from Lima, Arequipa and Trujillo showed that a high percentage of the population was satisfied with using dietary supplements regularly. It is important to point out that there were no significant differences between the percentage of the surveyed population that used dietary supplements recommended by nutritionists and the one which used them on family and friends’ recommendation. This suggests that it is necessary to improve nutritional habits with educational strategies on eating habits and adapt the use of dietary supplements to a balanced diet. These results could allow the population to use dietary supplements more effectively as a tool to reduce nutritional deficiencies.

The presence of dietary fiber (DF) in the food matrix of some tropical fruits plays an important role in the release and absorption of its bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds (PCs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the DF fractions in mango cv. ‘Ataulfo’, papaya cv. ‘Maradol’ and pineapple cv. ‘Esmeralda’, on the bioaccessibility of their PCs and antioxidant capacity (AOXC) under an in vitro digestion model. The highest PCs content and AOXC was found in mango (274.30 mg GAE/100 g FW), followed by papaya (212 mg GAE//100 g FW), and pineapple (107.63 mg GAE/100 g FW), respectively. About 50% of the total PCs in all fruits was released at gastric phase, increasing closer to 60% at intestinal phase in mango and pineapple. However, the highest content of PCs associated to DF was found in mango (2.48 mg GAE/100 g FW) compared with papaya DF fractions (0.96 GAE/100 g FW) and pineapple (0.52 GAE/100 g FW). The presence of DF in mango, papaya and pineapple did not represent a major limitation on the bioaccessibility of its PCs according to the in vitro digestion model used in this study.

Objective: To review and discuss the latest information on agroindustrial, functional and nutritional value of one of the most produced/consumed fruit crop in Mexico: The mango. Methods: A search was conducted in several databases (PubMed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect) and public repositories (Google Scholar) on Mangifera indica L. This information was further sub-classified into agroindustrial, nutritional, functional aspects and health effects. Results: One out of twenty mangoes consumed worldwide is Mexican. The variety �"Ataulfo�" variety is the most important crop. Minimal processing of its pulp (MP) generates peel (MC) and seeds as biowastes, which have nutraceutical potential. MP and MC are good sources of ascorbate, fructose, soluble (MP, starches and rhamnogalacturonans) and insoluble (MC, lignin and hemicelluloses) dietary fibers as well as functional lipids (MP). MP and MC are good sources of monomeric (MP) phenolic compounds (PC) such as gallic and protocatehuic acids and polymeric PC (MC) such as ß-PGG with associated anti-obesigenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic and anti-diabetic potential. However, these benefits are dependent on their bioaccessibility (release from its food matrix) and metabolic fate (bioavailability). Discussion: Mango is a valuable source of antioxidant compounds with proven health benefits. However, factors such as its variety, seasonality, pre and post-harvest handling, extraction of bioactives and some physiological barriers, can modify their nutraceutical potential.

Objetivo: Revisar y discutir la información mas reciente sobre el valor agroindustrial, funcional y nutricional de uno de los frutos de mayor cultivo, exportación y consumo en México: el Mango. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en diversas bases de datos (PubMed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect) y documentos de libre acceso (Google Scholar) sobre Mangifera indica L. Esta información fue posteriormente sub-clasificada en aspectos agroindustriales, nutricionales, funcionales y efectos a la salud. Resultados: Uno de cada veinte mangos consumidos mundialmente, es mexicano. �"Ataulfo�" es la variedad la de mayor importancia agronómica. El procesamiento mínimo de su pulpa (MP) genera residuos de cáscara (MC) y semilla con alto potencial nutraceutico. MP y MC son buenas fuentes de ascorbato, fructosa, fibra dietarias soluble (MP, almidones y ramnogalacturonanos) e insoluble (MC, ligninas y hemicelulosa) y lípidos funcionales (MP). MP y MC poseen un perfil de compuestos fenólicos (CF) monomericos (MP) como el acido gálico y el protocatehuico y poliméricos (MC) como la ß-PGG asociados con efectos anti-obesigenicos, anti-inflamatorios, anti-cancerigenos y anti-diabeticos. Estos beneficios son dependientes de la bioaccesibilidad (liberación de su matriz alimentaria) y destino metábolico (biodisponibilidad) de estos CF. Discusión: El mango resulta una valiosa fuente de compuestos antioxidantes con comprobado beneficio a la salud. Sin embargo, factores como la variedad, temporalidad de cultivos, tratamientos pre y post-cosecha, extracción de bioactivos y algunas barreras fisiologicas pueden modificar su potencial nutraceutico.